Para quem teve a oportunidade de aprender a tocar algum instrumento musical, já se deparou com o termo: tocar uma música “cover”. Esse é o processo onde você interpreta uma música que já existe, no intuito de se divertir, e principalmente: aprender. Aqui na TI, especificamente na área de banco de dados, não seria diferente. Leio com frequência ótimos artigos técnicos, e para perpetuar o conhecimento que estou tendo contato, nada melhor do que um “cover” do artigo, ou seja, tentar colocá-lo em prática, já que a experiência é tudo nessa vida.
Desse modo, pegando um artigo do Tim Hall (o link está AQUI), decidi ter a experiência de criar banco Oracle 18C via linha de comando.
Criando os diretórios que abrigarão os dados, archives e FRA do Oracle:
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ mkdir -p /oracle/dados
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ mkdir -p /oracle/fra
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ mkdir -p /oracle/archives
Permissões:
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/dados/ /oracle/fra/ /oracle/archives/
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ chmod 775 /oracle/dados/ /oracle/fra/ /oracle/archives/
Parâmetros usados:
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-responseFile NO_VALUE \
-gdbName RMANDB \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-sid ${ORACLE_SID} \
-createAsContainerDatabase false \
-sysPassword Oracle123 \
-systemPassword Oracle123 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-dvConfiguration false \
-olsConfiguration false \
-datafileDestination /oracle/dados \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-recoveryAreaDestination /oracle/fra \
-recoveryAreaSize 500 \
-storageType FS \
-runCVUChecks false \
-enableArchive true \
-archiveLogMode AUTO \
-archiveLogDest /oracle/archives \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-createListener LISTENER \
-useOMF true \
-databaseConfigType SINGLE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sampleSchema false \
-totalMemory 2048 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE
Devido ao pouco espaço de memória na máquina, o Oracle reporta um erro por conta disso (além do warning sobre o espaço mínimo de FRA):
[oracle@oel8 admin]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \
> -responseFile NO_VALUE \
> -gdbName RMANDB \
> -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
> -sid ${ORACLE_SID} \
> -createAsContainerDatabase false \
> -sysPassword Oracle123 \
> -systemPassword Oracle123 \
> -emConfiguration NONE \
> -dvConfiguration false \
> -olsConfiguration false \
> -datafileDestination /oracle/dados \
> -redoLogFileSize 50 \
> -recoveryAreaDestination /oracle/fra \
> -recoveryAreaSize 500 \
> -storageType FS \
> -runCVUChecks false \
> -enableArchive true \
> -archiveLogMode AUTO \
> -archiveLogDest /oracle/archives \
> -automaticMemoryManagement false \
> -createListener LISTENER \
> -useOMF true \
> -databaseConfigType SINGLE \
> -characterSet AL32UTF8 \
> -sampleSchema false \
> -totalMemory 2048 \
> -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE
[WARNING] [DBT-06801] Specified Fast Recovery Area size (500 MB) is less than the recommended value.
CAUSE: Fast Recovery Area size should at least be three times the database size (692 MB).
ACTION: Specify Fast Recovery Area Size to be at least three times the database size.
[WARNING] [DBT-11209] Current available memory is less than the required available memory (2,048MB) for creating the database.
CAUSE: Following nodes do not have required available memory :
Node:oel8 Available memory:1.8942GB (1986164.0KB)
[FATAL] [DBT-11214] Automatic Memory Management is not a feasible option on the system.
CAUSE: There is not enough free space on volume /dev/shm to allocate 2,048MB.
[oracle@oel8 admin]$
Aumentando a memória da máquina virtual:
Depois alterado comando para:
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-responseFile NO_VALUE \
-gdbName RMANDB \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-sid ${ORACLE_SID} \
-createAsContainerDatabase false \
-sysPassword Oracle123 \
-systemPassword Oracle123 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-dvConfiguration false \
-olsConfiguration false \
-datafileDestination /oracle/dados \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-recoveryAreaDestination /oracle/fra \
-recoveryAreaSize 700 \
-storageType FS \
-runCVUChecks false \
-enableArchive true \
-archiveLogMode AUTO \
-archiveLogDest /oracle/archives \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-createListener LISTENER \
-useOMF true \
-databaseConfigType SINGLE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sampleSchema false \
-totalMemory 2048 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE
Banco criado com sucesso:
[oracle@oel8 ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \
> -responseFile NO_VALUE \
> -gdbName RMANDB \
> -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
> -sid ${ORACLE_SID} \
> -createAsContainerDatabase false \
> -sysPassword Oracle123 \
> -systemPassword Oracle123 \
> -emConfiguration NONE \
> -dvConfiguration false \
> -olsConfiguration false \
> -datafileDestination /oracle/dados \
> -redoLogFileSize 50 \
> -recoveryAreaDestination /oracle/fra \
> -recoveryAreaSize 700 \
> -storageType FS \
> -runCVUChecks false \
> -enableArchive true \
> -archiveLogMode AUTO \
> -archiveLogDest /oracle/archives \
> -automaticMemoryManagement false \
> -createListener LISTENER \
> -useOMF true \
> -databaseConfigType SINGLE \
> -characterSet AL32UTF8 \
> -sampleSchema false \
> -totalMemory 2048 \
> -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE
[WARNING] [DBT-06801] Specified Fast Recovery Area size (700 MB) is less than the recommended value.
CAUSE: Fast Recovery Area size should at least be three times the database size (692 MB).
ACTION: Specify Fast Recovery Area Size to be at least three times the database size.
[WARNING] [DBT-06801] Specified Fast Recovery Area size (700 MB) is less than the recommended value.
CAUSE: Fast Recovery Area size should at least be three times the database size (2,252 MB).
ACTION: Specify Fast Recovery Area Size to be at least three times the database size.
Prepare for db operation
10% complete
Copying database files
40% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
42% complete
46% complete
50% complete
54% complete
60% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
69% complete
70% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/oracle/18.0.0/base/cfgtoollogs/dbca/RMANDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:RMANDB
System Identifier(SID):RMANDB
Look at the log file "/oracle/18.0.0/base/cfgtoollogs/dbca/RMANDB/RMANDB.log" for further details.
[oracle@oel8 ~]$
Consultando banco:
[oracle@oel8 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Apr 5 21:59:01 2020
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0
SQL> select instance_name,status from gv$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
RMANDB OPEN
SQL> select banner from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
SQL>
Consultando oratab:
[oracle@oel8 ~]$ cat /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
RMANDB:/oracle/18.0.0/product:N
[oracle@oel8 ~]$
Editando o mesmo para que possa ser reinicializado quando a máquina virtual subir:
[oracle@oel8 ~]$ vi /etc/oratab
Conteúdo:
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
RMANDB:/oracle/18.0.0/product:Y
Além do artigo do Tim que usei como base, li com cuidado todos os parâmetros da documentação Oracle, para entender todos os valores possíveis e suas definições. A tabela você encontra neste LINK.