Antes de disparar o backup em si, podemos checar se o diretório de FRA, que abrigará os backup pieces, está definido:
[oracle@oel8 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Mar 12 05:26:29 2021
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0
SQL> SHO PARAMETER db_recovery_file_dest
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /oracle/fra
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 2G
SQL>
Baixando e montando o banco de dados para permitir o backup:
SQL> SHU IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1610612016 bytes
Fixed Size 8658224 bytes
Variable Size 520093696 bytes
Database Buffers 1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 8118272 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME,STATUS FROM V$INSTANCE;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
RMANDB MOUNTED
Utilizando o RMAN para disparar o comando de backup. Como os valores dos parâmetros persistentes do RMAN estão todos como Default, e no comando não estou alterando nenhum outro parâmetro, o comportamento que o mesmo adotará será criar o backup piece no diretório da FRA, utilizando apenas um canal:
[oracle@oel8 oracle]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Mar 12 05:41:07 2021
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RMANDB (DBID=3825250984, not open)
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;
Starting backup at 2021-03-12:05:41:16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_h8nynqfx_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_h8nyq35q_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_h8nyrjdr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/ts_cortex_catalog.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2021-03-12:05:41:18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2021-03-12:05:42:23
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/backupset/2021_03_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20210312T054118_j4pb9gv3_.bkp tag=TAG20210312T054118 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
Finished backup at 2021-03-12:05:42:23
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-12:05:42:24
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_12/o1_mf_s_1066973440_j4pbck5m_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-12:05:42:27
RMAN>
Analisando os detalhes dos backupsets 2 e 3 com o comando LIST:
RMAN> LIST BACKUPSET 2,3;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
2 Full 1.15G DISK 00:00:41 2021-03-12:05:41:59
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210312T054118
Piece Name: /oracle/fra/RMANDB/backupset/2021_03_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20210312T054118_j4pb9gv3_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 2
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----------- ------ ----
1 Full 1805356 2021-03-12:05:30:40 NO /oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_h8nynqfx_.dbf
3 Full 1805356 2021-03-12:05:30:40 NO /oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_h8nyq35q_.dbf
4 Full 1805356 2021-03-12:05:30:40 NO /oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_h8nyrjdr_.dbf
5 Full 1805356 2021-03-12:05:30:40 NO /oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/ts_cortex_catalog.dbf
7 Full 1805356 2021-03-12:05:30:40 NO /oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
3 Full 10.20M DISK 00:00:01 2021-03-12:05:42:25
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210312T054224
Piece Name: /oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_12/o1_mf_s_1066973440_j4pbck5m_.bkp
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1805356 Ckp time: 2021-03-12:05:30:40
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2021-03-12:05:40:39
SPFILE db_unique_name: RMANDB
RMAN>
Realizando consulta sobre a porcentagem de uso da FRA:
SQL> SET LIN 300
SQL> SELECT FILE_TYPE,PERCENT_SPACE_USED,PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE,NUMBER_OF_FILES FROM V$RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE;
FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
----------------------- ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROL FILE .49 0 1
REDO LOG 7.32 0 3
ARCHIVED LOG 0 0 0
BACKUP PIECE 58.52 .5 3
IMAGE COPY 0 0 0
FLASHBACK LOG 0 0 0
FOREIGN ARCHIVED LOG 0 0 0
AUXILIARY DATAFILE COPY 0 0 0
8 rows selected.
Realizando a remoção dos backupsets 2 e 3:
[oracle@oel8 oracle]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Mar 12 05:58:53 2021
Version 18.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RMANDB (DBID=3825250984, not open)
RMAN> DELETE BACKUPSET 2,3;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=45 device type=DISK
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /oracle/fra/RMANDB/backupset/2021_03_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20210312T054118_j4pb9gv3_.bkp
3 3 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_12/o1_mf_s_1066973440_j4pbck5m_.bkp
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? YES
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/backupset/2021_03_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20210312T054118_j4pb9gv3_.bkp RECID=2 STAMP=1066974078
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_12/o1_mf_s_1066973440_j4pbck5m_.bkp RECID=3 STAMP=1066974145
Deleted 2 objects
RMAN>
Consultando FRA novamente:
SQL> set lin 300
SQL> SELECT FILE_TYPE,PERCENT_SPACE_USED,PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE,NUMBER_OF_FILES FROM V$RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE;
FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
----------------------- ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROL FILE .49 0 1
REDO LOG 7.32 0 3
ARCHIVED LOG 0 0 0
BACKUP PIECE .5 0 1
IMAGE COPY 0 0 0
FLASHBACK LOG 0 0 0
FOREIGN ARCHIVED LOG 0 0 0
AUXILIARY DATAFILE COPY 0 0 0
8 rows selected.
Obs: Este procedimento foi criado pelo senhor Ahmed Baraka (www.ahmedbaraka.com) e foi apenas reproduzido por mim em um laboratório pessoal para fins de aprendizado.
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