Configuring the Default Backup format

Backup & Recovery / 14/07/2022

A opção FORMAT no RMAN nos permite definir o destino dos backups que realizamos no ambiente Oracle (que por padrão, são direcionados para a FRA). Isso pode ser definido em 3 momentos:

  • No comando BACKUP: durante a operação de backup, podemos informar o FORMAT em tempo de execução. Lembrando que para isto, devemos utilizar o bloco RUN do RMAN;
  • Na configuração do Canal: o canal é uma maneira do RMAN conseguir ter acesso ao banco de dados e suas estruturas, e em sua utilização, podemos definir também o FORMAT;
  • Na configuração do Device Type: Além de definir o tipo de device que será usado, podemos definir ao mesmo tempo o FORMAT;

Iniciando os testes alterando o Device Type e definindo o seu FORMAT:

[oracle@oel8 BACKUP]$ rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Mar 26 04:41:02 2021
Version 18.13.0.0.0
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: RMANDB (DBID=3825250984)
 
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/oracle/BACKUP/%U.bkp';
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/oracle/BACKUP/%U.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
 
RMAN> SHOW CHANNEL FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK ;
 
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name RMANDB are:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/oracle/BACKUP/%U.bkp';

Realizando 2 backups da tablespace USERS: como backupset e image copy:

RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE USERS TAG 'BSS';
 
Starting backup at 2021-03-26:04:41:42
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=57 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:41:42
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:41:43
piece handle=/oracle/BACKUP/60vqm8k6_1_1.bkp tag=BSS comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2021-03-26:04:41:43
 
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:41:43
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_26/o1_mf_s_1068180104_j5v41rjx_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:41:45
 
RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY TABLESPACE USERS TAG 'BSS';
 
Starting backup at 2021-03-26:04:41:58
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
output file name=/oracle/BACKUP/data_D-RMANDB_I-3825250984_TS-USERS_FNO-7_62vqm8km.bkp tag=BSS RECID=37 STAMP=1068180118
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2021-03-26:04:41:59
 
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:41:59
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_26/o1_mf_s_1068180119_j5v42869_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:42:02

Checando os arquivos gerados:

RMAN> host 'ls -lthr /oracle/BACKUP';
 
total 7.2M
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2.2M Mar 26 04:41 60vqm8k6_1_1.bkp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5.1M Mar 26 04:41 data_D-RMANDB_I-3825250984_TS-USERS_FNO-7_62vqm8km.bkp
host command complete

Para redefinir o parâmetro para o valor padrão, basta rodarmos o CLEAR conforme exemplo:

RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK CLEAR;
 
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/oracle/BACKUP/%U.bkp';
old RMAN configuration parameters are successfully deleted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

Com o backup abaixo, podemos perceber que o backupset foi gerado na FRA:

RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE USERS TAG 'BSS';
 
Starting backup at 2021-03-26:04:48:35
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=57 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:48:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:48:36
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/backupset/2021_03_26/o1_mf_nnndf_BSS_j5v4gmr1_.bkp tag=BSS comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2021-03-26:04:48:36
 
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:48:36
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_26/o1_mf_s_1068180516_j5v4gog2_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:48:37

A última forma de definir o local de destino do backup é alocar um canal no bloco RUN, vide exemplo abaixo:

RMAN> RUN
 {
        ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE disk FORMAT '/oracle/BACKUP/RMANDB_%t_s%s_p%p';
        BACKUP TABLESPACE users TAG 'BSS';
        BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT TAG 'ARC';
 }2> 3> 4> 5> 6>
 
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=57 device type=DISK
 
Starting backup at 2021-03-26:04:53:28
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/oracle/dados/RMANDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_h8nyrkn7_.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:53:28
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:53:29
piece handle=/oracle/BACKUP/RMANDB_1068180808_s198_p1 tag=BSS comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2021-03-26:04:53:29
 
Starting backup at 2021-03-26:04:53:29
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=63 RECID=70 STAMP=1068180811
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:53:31
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 2021-03-26:04:53:32
piece handle=/oracle/BACKUP/RMANDB_1068180811_s199_p1 tag=ARC comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/oracle/archives/1_63_1036964654.dbf RECID=70 STAMP=1068180811
Finished backup at 2021-03-26:04:53:33
 
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:53:33
piece handle=/oracle/fra/RMANDB/autobackup/2021_03_26/o1_mf_s_1068180813_j5v4qxo5_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2021-03-26:04:53:36
released channel: c1

Obs: Este procedimento foi criado pelo senhor Ahmed Baraka (www.ahmedbaraka.com) e foi apenas reproduzido por mim em um laboratório pessoal para fins de aprendizado.

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